Vietjet and Qazaq Air Launch Joint Airline Brand ‘Vietjet Qazaqstan’ at Kazakhstan–Vietnam Business Roundtable
Astana, Kazakhstan – Vietjet and Kazakhstan’s Qazaq Air officially announced the launch of a new joint airline brand, Vietjet Qazaqstan, during the Kazakhstan–Vietnam Business Roundtable on Tuesday. The high-level event was held in the presence of Vietnamese Party General Secretary To Lam, who is currently on a state visit to Kazakhstan.
As part of the announcement, Vietnam’s Ministry of Finance granted a Foreign Investment Registration Certificate to Aviation Holdings, a Vietjet subsidiary, allowing it to acquire a strategic equity stake in Qazaq Air. The two carriers will jointly develop and operate Vietjet Qazaqstan, leveraging Qazaq Air’s existing domestic platform and Vietjet’s low-cost carrier expertise.
Vietjet Qazaqstan is expected to become a strategic air bridge linking Kazakhstan with Vietnam, Southeast Asia, and key global aviation hubs. With a planned fleet of at least 20 Boeing 737 aircraft, the new airline will significantly expand both domestic and international connectivity, helping meet the rising travel demand in Central Asia.
The initiative is also expected to contribute to Kazakhstan’s socio-economic development, creating thousands of high-quality jobs and fostering growth in tourism, trade, and logistics across the region.
At the same event, Vietjet Qazaqstan and Boeing signed a Customer Services General Terms Agreement, laying the groundwork for long-term technical collaboration. Boeing will provide the new airline with comprehensive support, including software solutions, spare parts, pilot and engineer training, and aircraft maintenance and upgrades, ensuring safe and efficient operations of the future 737 fleet.
Qazaq Air, founded in 2015, is Kazakhstan’s regional airline operating a fleet of modern De Havilland Dash 8-Q400 turboprop aircraft. It currently connects key cities across the country, including Astana, Almaty, Shymkent, and border regions.
This move follows Vietjet’s successful expansion model in Thailand, where its joint venture, Vietjet Thailand, has grown to become one of the country’s leading low-cost carriers.
The establishment of Vietjet Qazaqstan underscores Vietjet’s growing regional ambitions and aligns with Vietnam’s broader strategy to deepen economic ties with Central Asia.
Hanoi, Vietnam – For over two decades, Google has been the undisputed leader of internet search. But that dominance is now facing a serious test from a new breed of AI-powered engines, with OpenAI’s ChatGPT at the forefront of this challenge.
Behind the scenes, Google has been growing increasingly concerned over the rise of generative AI platforms that can provide instant, conversational answers to user queries — often without the need to click through multiple search results. According to sources close to the company, these concerns have been mounting for at least two years, prompting internal reorganizations, rushed product rollouts, and strategic shifts to defend its core business.
ChatGPT: A New Way to Search
When OpenAI launched ChatGPT in late 2022, it quickly captured global attention with its ability to generate coherent, detailed, and contextually accurate responses. Users found that instead of typing keywords into Google and sifting through links, they could simply ask ChatGPT a question — and get a straight answer in seconds.
This shift in user behavior poses a real risk to Google’s lucrative advertising-based search model. With fewer people clicking on sponsored links, Google’s ad revenue — which makes up more than 80% of its total income — could take a significant hit.
Google’s Response: Innovation and Urgency
Google hasn’t been sitting still. In response to the AI threat, the company accelerated its AI initiatives, launching Bard (now rebranded as Gemini) and embedding more AI features into its search engine. Sundar Pichai, CEO of Google’s parent company Alphabet, acknowledged in early 2024 that generative AI represents “the next wave of computing” — and a key battleground for the future of the internet.
Internally, Google has also ramped up AI talent recruitment and restructured its teams to focus more aggressively on AI development. Still, catching up with OpenAI’s rapid momentum remains a challenge.
Implications for Users in Vietnam and Beyond
For internet users in Vietnam and Southeast Asia, this AI shift could reshape how people interact with the web. Instead of typing queries in English or Vietnamese and sorting through dozens of links, users may increasingly turn to conversational AI tools for instant summaries, travel tips, financial insights, or even legal advice.
Vietnamese startups, marketers, and businesses that rely on Google search visibility may also need to adapt their strategies as AI becomes a bigger part of the user journey. Search engine optimization (SEO) may soon give way to AI optimization — tailoring content not just for Google’s crawlers, but for AI engines that summarize and present information directly.
The Road Ahead
The battle for the future of search is only just beginning. While Google remains the dominant player, the rise of ChatGPT and other AI models has introduced real competition for the first time in years. In this evolving digital landscape, innovation, adaptability, and a focus on user needs will determine who leads the next era of information discovery.
Stay informed with Vietnam Insider as we track how AI is changing the tech world — and what it means for Vietnam’s digital economy.
Cardinal Robert Prevost, a Chicago-born missionary and former bishop in Peru, has been elected as the new pope — the first American to ascend to the papacy in the Catholic Church’s 2,000-year history. He will be known as Pope Leo XIV.
Prevost, 69, addressed the faithful for the first time from the loggia of St. Peter’s Basilica, greeting the crowd with the words, “Peace be with you.” His message centered on peace, dialogue, and missionary outreach. Marking a contrast with his predecessor, he donned the traditional red papal cape that Pope Francis had declined in 2013. Leo XIV delivered his remarks in Italian and Spanish, but not in English.
Key Highlights:
Who is Robert Prevost? Pope Francis appointed Prevost in 2023 to lead the Vatican’s powerful Dicastery for Bishops, the department responsible for reviewing and recommending bishop appointments worldwide. This role gave him significant influence and visibility heading into the conclave.
His Religious Order: Leo XIV is a member of the Order of St. Augustine, a religious community guided by the principle of living “with one mind and one heart on the journey toward God.” He becomes the seventh pope to come from the Augustinian order.
How Was He Chosen? The new pontiff was elected during a closed-door conclave of 135 cardinal-electors. The process was conducted in strict secrecy, and the results of the ballots remain confidential.
When the College of Cardinals gathers inside the Sistine Chapel to elect a new pope, the world turns its eyes toward a small chimney perched on the chapel’s roof. From this chimney rises a puff of smoke—a centuries-old signal that carries monumental meaning. If the smoke is black, it means no pope has been chosen. But if it’s white, the Catholic Church has a new leader.
But how exactly is this symbolic smoke created? And how has the Vatican ensured that its message is unmistakably clear?
A Tradition Rooted in Fire
The use of smoke to communicate the results of the papal conclave dates back hundreds of years. After each round of voting, the ballots are burned, and the color of the smoke indicates the outcome. However, achieving a clear black or white hue has not always been easy—and over time, the Vatican has refined its methods to avoid confusion and misinterpretation.
Black Smoke: “No Pope Yet”
Historically, to produce black smoke, ballots were burned along with materials such as tar or resin, which generated thick soot and dark smoke. But this wasn’t always consistent—sometimes the smoke came out as an ambiguous grey, leading to speculation and media frenzy.
To improve clarity, the Vatican now uses a precise chemical mixture to produce reliable black smoke:
Potassium perchlorate (KClO₄): A strong oxidizer that fuels the combustion process
Anthracene: An organic compound that, when burned, produces heavy soot—key to the dark color
Sulfur (S₈): Helps sustain and intensify the burn for a steady black plume
This combination, when ignited with the ballots, sends up a thick column of unmistakable black smoke, signaling that the conclave has not yet reached a decision.
White Smoke: “Habemus Papam!”
The white smoke, a symbol of joy and hope, indicates that a new pope has been chosen. In earlier days, white smoke was produced by adding moist straw to the fire, which released steam and lightened the color of the smoke. But, as with the black smoke, this method sometimes lacked consistency.
Today, the Vatican relies on a different chemical recipe to ensure bright, easily visible white smoke:
Potassium chlorate (KClO₃): Another oxidizing agent to maintain combustion
Lactose: A milk sugar that serves as the primary fuel and emits light-colored smoke when burned
Colophony (pine resin): A natural resin that creates thick, white smoke visible from afar
This modern mixture ensures the world knows instantly when the Church has spoken—no confusion, just a clear signal of celebration.
Precision Matters
There have been times in history when unclear smoke—sometimes a murky gray—sparked confusion and premature celebrations. To prevent such incidents, today’s smoke signals are carefully engineered, using thoroughly tested chemical formulas. These innovations guarantee a stark contrast between the black and white smoke, helping the Vatican convey its message with absolute clarity.
So, the next time you see smoke rise above the Sistine Chapel, remember: it’s not just a puff of air—it’s centuries of tradition, science, and spiritual anticipation, distilled into a single, powerful signal for the world.
Global gold prices exploded past the $3,400 per ounce mark this morning (May 8), rebounding sharply after a steep overnight drop in U.S. trading, continuing a trend of dramatic swings driven by investor uncertainty and geopolitical tensions.
As of 10:00 AM (Vietnam time), spot gold in Asia was trading at $3,406.20/oz, up $40.10, or nearly 1.2% from the previous New York close, according to data from Kitco. Converted at Vietcombank’s current USD selling rate of VND 26,140, this equates to approximately VND 107.3 million per tael, a sharp increase of VND 1.1 million from the previous morning.
Wide Price Fluctuations Reflect Global Jitters
On Wednesday (May 7) in New York, gold closed at $3,366.10/oz, a drop of $68.40, or nearly 2%, from the prior session. Price swings of $50–100 per ounce within a single session have become common, reflecting deep investor anxiety amid unresolved trade tensions and mixed macroeconomic signals.
Uncertainty Around U.S. Trade and Monetary Policy Weighs on Markets
The dramatic volatility is rooted in growing global unease over U.S. tariff policy. While trade negotiations between the U.S. and key partners, including China, are ongoing, no clear outcomes have emerged. A high-level U.S.–China meeting is scheduled in Geneva this weekend, but analysts remain skeptical that a breakthrough agreement will be reached.
This uncertainty has driven strong safe-haven demand for gold. However, prices tend to pull back on positive economic news or a strengthening dollar. On the contrary, any signals of escalating trade tensions often lead to gold price spikes.
The U.S. Dollar Index, which measures the greenback against six major currencies, rose 0.3% to 99.85 on Wednesday, adding pressure to gold prices.
Fed Holds Rates Steady—Gold Reacts Cautiously
Following its two-day policy meeting, the U.S. Federal Reserve left the benchmark interest rate unchanged at 4.25%–4.5%, as expected. Fed Chair Jerome Powell indicated the central bank will remain in a “wait-and-see” mode until there’s greater clarity on the economic impact of Trump administration policies.
This neutral stance may limit gold’s upside in the near term, as gold—being a non-yielding asset—typically benefits from falling interest rates. Earlier expectations of a Fed rate cut in June had supported gold’s rally in early 2025, but markets now anticipate no rate cuts before July, reducing bullish momentum for the metal.
Gold Remains a Strategic Hedge Despite Short-Term Risks
Despite recent fluctuations, gold has climbed nearly 30% year-to-date, building on a 27% gain in 2024, driven by persistent global risks, central bank buying, and inflation concerns.
Bank of America forecasts that gold could reach $4,000/oz in the second half of this year, citing limited short-term upside but strong long-term potential.
Central Banks—Led by China—Continue to Stockpile Gold
Official data shows that the People’s Bank of China (PBOC) purchased gold for the sixth consecutive month in April, adding 70,000 ounces to its reserves. This trend of sustained gold buying by central banks, particularly from emerging markets like China, remains a key structural driver of gold’s long-term price resilience.
Vietnam’s economy is undergoing a significant transformation, drawing increasing interest from global businesses and investors. Once primarily recognized for low-cost manufacturing in textiles and footwear, the country is now emerging as a hub for more advanced industries.
This shift is driven by a combination of factors, including a young, educated workforce, steady improvements in infrastructure, and progressive legal reforms. Vietnam’s expanding role in global supply chains—alongside its push to develop sectors such as electronics, renewable energy, and electric vehicles—demonstrates a long-term economic vision. These developments are enhancing its competitiveness in the region while creating new opportunities for companies seeking to grow their presence in Asia.
From Assembly Lines to High-Tech Growth: Vietnam’s FDI Shift
Vietnam’s early export-driven growth relied heavily on labor-intensive sectors like textiles and footwear. In the past decade, however, the country has taken firm steps toward becoming a center for high-value, technology-driven manufacturing. LG Display Co. Ltd, for instance, has announced an additional $1 billion investment to expand its factory in northern Hai Phong, bringing its total investment in Vietnam to $5.65 billion. Meanwhile, Google now manufactures its Pixel phones in the country, and Apple has shifted the production of AirPods and Apple Watches to trusted local suppliers like Luxshare and Goertek.
These moves reflect Vietnam’s rising industrial capabilities and the growing experience of its workforce in fields like precision assembly and automation. The government supports this trend through vocational training and educational initiatives that align with industry needs. Collaborations between multinational corporations and local partners are accelerating technology transfer and building stronger supply networks.
In this video, we explore the emerging business trends in Vietnam and share practical insights on why investing in the country is a smart move for businesses.
Legal Reforms That Attract Investment
Vietnam has improved its legal and administrative framework to encourage high-tech investment. In 2023, changes to the Investment Law made it easier to obtain licenses and offered tax breaks of up to 15 years for strategic sectors such as high-tech, research, and clean energy. These measures have encouraged both new entrants and existing investors like Foxconn to expand operations.
Alongside tax incentives, Vietnam has strengthened intellectual property protections and eased restrictions on foreign ownership in several sectors. Local authorities in provinces like Bac Ninh, Thai Nguyen, and Binh Duong have also launched fast-track approval programs and one-stop service centers, making it easier for businesses to get started. These legal improvements are closely tied to Vietnam’s physical development, particularly in specialized industrial parks that host entire supply ecosystems.
Among Southeast Asian nations, Vietnam stands out for its balance of cost-efficiency, workforce readiness, and political stability. Labor costs are significantly lower than in China—by about 30–40%—yet the quality and reliability of production continue to rise. Vietnam’s geographic location near key regional players like China, South Korea, and Japan enhances its appeal as a logistics hub.
While countries like Indonesia and the Philippines also seek to attract investment, Vietnam offers a more stable business environment and better trade access. Its participation in trade agreements such as the RCEP and the Vietnam-EU Free Trade Agreement allows manufacturers to benefit from lower tariffs and improved market access. This trade openness boosts Vietnam’s reputation as a global production base.
Infrastructure has kept pace with these developments. The country has built new highways and upgraded ports and airports—including the first phase of Long Thanh International Airport. International shipping companies like Maersk have also invested in Vietnam’s logistics network, making it easier and faster to move goods in and out of the country.
Emerging High-Tech Sectors: Semiconductors, EVs, and Green Energy
Vietnam is channeling its growth efforts into future-oriented industries. The country has attracted significant FDI in its semiconductor ecosystem. Intel’s assembly and test facility in Ho Chi Minh City is one of its largest global operations, while Amkor Technology invested over US$ 1.07 billion in Bac Ninh for a semiconductor packaging facility. Additionally, Foxconn Circuit Precision is developing a US$ 383.33 million factory, and Dutch semiconductor company BE Semiconductor Industries (BESI) is set to launch a new US$ 4.9 million project in Saigon Hi-Tech Park by early 2025.
In December 2024, Nvidia and the Vietnamese government signed an AI cooperation agreement to establish an AI research and development center and an AI data center. Moreover, Nvidia’s acquisition of VinBrain, a health-tech startup under Vingroup, underscores Vietnam’s growing role in AI-integrated semiconductor applications. As global firms seek to diversify chip supply chains away from Taiwan and China, Vietnam is positioning itself as a cost-effective and technically capable alternative.
In the electric vehicle space, the local company VinFast has gained global attention by investing in EV manufacturing and exporting to international markets. Its growth is attracting other firms in related fields, including battery production and automotive electronics. These developments point to Vietnam’s rising role in the regional EV ecosystem.
Green energy is also becoming a cornerstone of Vietnam’s strategy. With abundant solar and wind resources, the country has seen growing interest in renewable energy projects. Government support in the form of investment incentives and feed-in tariffs has made large-scale solar and wind developments more viable. In parallel, Vietnam is becoming a destination for IT and software development, as global firms establish R&D hubs in cities like Ho Chi Minh City and Hanoi.
Final Thought: Vietnam’s Growing Value Proposition
Vietnam is no longer just a destination for low-cost manufacturing. It is evolving into a competitive, tech-driven economy supported by young talent, modern infrastructure, and investor-friendly policies. The presence of global companies like Apple, Google, and Intel underscores their growing reputation in high-tech production.
This transformation reflects deeper changes in education, infrastructure, and international partnerships. For global investors and manufacturers, Vietnam now offers a robust, flexible, and forward-looking base in Asia.
Vietnam is fast solidifying its position as a regional investment hub, with registered foreign direct investment (FDI) soaring to $13.82 billion in the first four months of 2025—a remarkable 39.9% increase year-on-year, according to the Foreign Investment Agency under the Ministry of Finance.
This surge, which includes newly registered capital, capital adjustments, and share acquisitions, marks the strongest FDI inflow performance in five years.
Robust Capital Inflows Despite Changing Investment Patterns
While the number of newly licensed projects jumped to 1,204, up 14.1% from the same period last year, the total capital committed to these new projects reached $5.59 billion, representing a 23.8% decline.
However, the manufacturing and processing sector remains the top magnet, attracting $3.39 billion or 60.6% of new capital, followed by real estate, which drew $1.51 billion (26.9%).
Singapore Leads the Way, Followed by China and Japan
Among the 60 countries and territories with new investment projects in Vietnam, Singapore topped the list, contributing $1.6 billion (28.6%). It was followed closely by China ($1.52 billion, 27.1%) and Japan ($573.2 million, 10.3%).
Capital Adjustments and M&A Activity Drive Overall Growth
The impressive rise in total registered capital was fueled primarily by capital expansion in existing projects and vibrant merger and acquisition activity. In total, 540 existing projects registered additional capital worth $6.4 billion—3.9 times higher than the same period in 2024.
In parallel, foreign investors made 1,106 capital contributions and share purchases, with a total value of $1.83 billion, double the previous year’s figure.
When combining both new and adjusted capital, the manufacturing and processing sector maintained a dominant share at $8.37 billion (69.8%), followed by real estate at $2.63 billion (21.9%).
FDI Disbursement Hits 5-Year High
FDI disbursement—a key indicator of actual capital flow into the economy—reached an estimated $6.74 billion, up 7.3% year-on-year. This is the highest level of FDI disbursement in the first four months of any year over the past five years.
Notably, $5.5 billion (81.6%) of this amount was channeled into manufacturing and processing, while real estate and power generation/distribution attracted $533.1 million (7.9%) and $266.2 million (3.9%), respectively.
Vietnamese Investments Abroad Also on the Rise
Vietnamese outbound investment also witnessed significant momentum. In the first four months of 2025, Vietnamese companies invested a total of $309.3 million abroad, a 3.1-fold increase year-on-year.
This includes 43 new projects with $269.2 million in registered capital and 12 existing projects with additional capital of $40.1 million. Key investment sectors include electricity and gas distribution ($111.2 million), manufacturing ($65.6 million), and logistics and transportation ($50.5 million).
Laos remains the top destination, attracting $140.6 million, or 45.5% of total outbound investment, followed by Indonesia and the Philippines.
Is Vietnam about to dethrone Thailand as the top tourist destination in Southeast Asia?
According to leading Thai tourism operators, that possibility is closer than many expected—with Vietnam’s tourism sector gaining rapid momentum while Thailand’s post-pandemic recovery continues to lag.
Vietnam Surges Ahead with Record-Breaking Growth
In March 2024, Vietnam welcomed over 2 million foreign tourists, marking a 40% increase compared to pre-pandemic levels in 2019. Meanwhile, Thailand saw just 2.7 million arrivals, a 20% drop from its 2019 benchmark.
This dramatic reversal has left industry insiders in Thailand concerned. Thanet Supornsahasrungsi, President of the Association of Chon Buri Tourism Federation, warned that Vietnam could overtake Thailand in total foreign arrivals within just 2–3 years.
Vietnam has set its sights on 23 million international tourists in 2024, while Thailand’s Finance Ministry has already lowered its forecast from 38.5 million to 36.5 million—a reflection of stalled momentum.
Landmark 81 is a super-tall skyscraper in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam. The investor and primary developer for the project is Vinhomes of Vingroup, a Vietnamese corporation that is also the country’s largest real-estate company. Landmark 81 is the tallest building in Vietnam, the tallest completed building in Southeast Asia as of July 2018 and the 14th tallest building in the world.
Why Tourists Are Choosing Vietnam
So, what’s behind Vietnam’s rising star status? Thanet says it comes down to value, innovation, and accessibility:
Lower prices: Vietnam’s all-inclusive resort packages cost about half the price of similar offerings in Thailand.
Newer infrastructure: Modern family resorts and theme parks in destinations like Nha Trang, Da Nang, and Phu Quoc are attracting global travelers seeking fresh experiences at affordable rates.
Foreign travel agent support: Vietnam subsidizes air travel and reduces landing fees for inbound tour operators, especially those from Russia, encouraging them to reroute tours from Phuket to Nha Trang.
Better airport access: Major Vietnamese tourist hubs are serviced by international airports just 30 to 45 minutes from the beach, compared to over 3 hours of land travel from Bangkok to places like Hua Hin or Kanchanaburi.
Thailand’s Struggle to Catch Up
Tourism leaders in Thailand are urging the government to step up. Sanga Ruangwattanakul, President of the Khao San Road Business Association, said Bangkok could receive fewer tourists than last year as key markets like China shrink and more travelers pivot toward emerging destinations like Vietnam.
In response, the Association of Thai Travel Agents (ATTA) has proposed a 320 million THB (US$9.7 million) stimulus plan to boost Chinese tourism. The plan calls for joint investment with the private sector and includes a subsidy of 300,000 THB per flight, with the goal of attracting 150,000 Chinese tourists—estimated to generate over 8.3 billion THB in revenue.
The Bigger Picture
Vietnam’s tourism ascent is not just a regional curiosity—it’s a wake-up call for Southeast Asia’s traditional tourist giants. With its winning combination of competitive pricing, streamlined travel logistics, and government-backed innovation, Vietnam is quickly positioning itself as Asia’s next must-visit destination.
For global travelers seeking modern comforts, cultural depth, and breathtaking coastlines—Vietnam might just be the new crown jewel of Southeast Asia.
Vietnam’s currency edged up slightly against the U.S. dollar on Wednesday, reflecting cautious optimism in the domestic market and growing investor anxiety about the global economic outlook.
VND Strengthens on Both Official and Unofficial Markets
Vietcombank, Vietnam’s largest state-owned lender, quoted the dollar at VND26,140, down 0.04% from Tuesday. On the unofficial market, the greenback slipped 0.11% to VND26,500, signaling a mild retreat in demand.
Meanwhile, the State Bank of Vietnam (SBV) adjusted its reference rate down 0.03% to VND24,930, maintaining a strategy of gradual currency stabilization amid regional volatility and shifting capital flows.
Dollar Under Pressure Globally
The dip in Vietnam’s dollar exchange rates mirrors broader trends. Globally, the U.S. dollar remained soft ahead of a pivotal Federal Reserve policy meeting, where investors are eagerly watching for signals about interest rate direction amid ongoing concerns over slowing U.S. growth and sticky inflation.
The dollar index held steady after declining for three consecutive sessions, while the euro edged down 0.2% to $1.1338. In Asia, the Japanese yen lost 0.5%, snapping a three-day rally as Japanese markets reopened after a holiday. The Hong Kong dollar also moved modestly away from the strong end of its currency peg.
Analysts say uncertainty continues to weigh on the greenback. “We’re seeing a micro bounce in the dollar ahead of trade talks, but the broader narrative is still one of weakness,” said Tony Sycamore, market analyst at IG. “There’s a real question among international investors about whether they want to remain overweight in U.S. equities.”
Vietnam Holds Steady Amid Global Shifts
Vietnam’s central bank has so far managed to walk a fine line—keeping the dong relatively stable while supporting export competitiveness and mitigating inflation risks. The gradual appreciation of the VND also signals growing confidence in the country’s economic fundamentals and currency management, even as global capital flows remain uncertain.
With external headwinds—from tightening global liquidity to rising geopolitical tensions—Vietnamese policymakers are expected to maintain a cautious but flexible approach to forex policy in the coming months.
Vietnam is facing a demographic challenge with far-reaching social consequences: a rapidly widening gender gap at birth. According to the country’s first national report on civil registration and vital statistics for 2021–2024, released by the General Statistics Office, the sex ratio at birth (SRB) has continued to rise well beyond natural levels, with Hanoi now recording the most extreme imbalance nationwide.
A Disturbing National Trend
In most countries, the natural SRB ranges from 104 to 106 boys for every 100 girls. Any deviation from this norm suggests artificial intervention—most often the result of gender-selective practices.
In Vietnam, this imbalance first emerged in the early 2000s but has intensified sharply since 2006. By 2024, the national SRB reached 110.7 boys per 100 girls. In Hanoi alone, that figure spiked to a staggering 123.3—the highest in the country and the city’s worst in recent years.
Despite nearly two decades of public education campaigns, legal regulations, and reproductive health programs, the preference for sons—rooted in longstanding cultural values—continues to drive gender-biased practices, especially in the northern provinces.
Hotspots of Imbalance: The North Leads the Crisis
The gender gap is especially severe in northern Vietnam. From 2021 to 2024, 10 out of 11 provinces in the Red River Delta reported SRBs higher than 110. The top five are:
Bac Ninh: 119.6
Vinh Phuc: 118.5
Hanoi: 118.1 (rising to 123.3 in 2024 alone)
Hung Yen: 116.7
Hai Duong: 115.3
Other provinces such as Bac Giang, Son La, and Lang Son also reported significantly distorted ratios, often exceeding 113 boys per 100 girls.
By contrast, provinces from Hue southward have maintained ratios close to the natural average—between 105 and 108—highlighting a clear geographic divide.
A Modern Problem Fueled by Technology and Tradition
Experts warn that Vietnam’s gender imbalance is not just a legacy issue but a modern crisis. Dr. Pham Vu Hoang, Deputy Director of the General Department of Population, emphasized that imbalances are appearing even at the first birth—and grow more extreme among families with two daughters and no sons.
Ironically, the issue is more pronounced among well-educated, wealthier families. With easier access to reproductive technology, some are misusing prenatal diagnostics and ultrasound services to choose the sex of their child—despite legal prohibitions.
Coupled with a falling fertility rate (1.91 children per woman), many families limit themselves to just one or two children—making the pressure to have a son even greater.
A Male Surplus and Its Social Costs
This imbalance is not merely statistical—it carries serious long-term implications. The General Statistics Office warns that by 2034, Vietnam could have 1.5 million more men than women of marriageable age. That number may rise to 2.5 million by 2059.
“This surplus of men will distort marriage markets and family formation,” said Dr. Hoang. “Many men may face lifelong bachelorhood—not by choice, but by demographic circumstance.”
Social scientists also warn of potential ripple effects, such as increased human trafficking, gender-based violence, and the exploitation of women in underserved regions.
A Call for Targeted Action
Experts recommend shifting focus from nationwide interventions to region-specific solutions, especially in northern Vietnam where the issue is most severe. Efforts must also tackle the underlying cultural norms and economic anxieties that perpetuate son preference.
As Vietnam positions itself for economic and social modernization, solving this hidden demographic crisis will be essential to ensuring stability, gender equity, and sustainable growth.
In a disturbing incident that has shocked local communities, two Chinese men were arrested in northern Vietnam after allegedly desecrating graves and human remains in Thanh Hoa Province. The suspects were intercepted by Quang Ninh provincial police on May 4 as they attempted to flee across the border to Mong Cai City—Vietnam’s gateway to China.
The Thanh Hoa Police Department issued an urgent alert to Quang Ninh authorities at 1:30 p.m. on the same day, requesting assistance in locating the suspects, who were believed to be en route to the border to escape prosecution.
Just 45 minutes later, at 2:15 p.m., police forces successfully stopped a taxi with license plate 36H-098.31 and apprehended the two foreign suspects. They were immediately transferred back to Thanh Hoa for further legal processing.
Rising Concern Over Foreign-Linked Crime in Vietnam
While Vietnam remains a safe and welcoming destination for millions of international tourists and expatriates, this case has sparked renewed public and official concern about foreign nationals involved in criminal activities within the country.
Over the past few years, Vietnamese authorities have dealt with an increasing number of complex cases involving foreign suspects, including illegal online gambling rings, cybercrime, drug trafficking, and property-related offenses. A notable incident in 2023 involved a network of Chinese nationals operating a sophisticated telecom fraud ring in Da Nang, defrauding Vietnamese citizens of billions of dong.
Mong Cai, situated at the border between Vietnam and China, has been identified as a frequent exit point for suspects attempting to evade Vietnamese law enforcement. Local authorities have since ramped up surveillance and cross-border coordination to prevent such incidents.
In this latest case, police officials underscored their commitment to swiftly addressing all criminal acts—regardless of the nationality of the perpetrators—and ensuring that Vietnam remains a country governed by law and respect for its cultural and spiritual traditions.
Desecration of graves is not only a criminal offense in Vietnam but also a serious violation of cultural and spiritual norms, often provoking widespread outrage among the public.
Cooperation with Foreign Authorities
Vietnamese law enforcement continues to strengthen partnerships with international agencies and border control units, especially along high-traffic crossings such as Mong Cai. Authorities have also emphasized the need for tighter screening and monitoring of foreigners engaged in unusual or unauthorized activities.
As Vietnam expands its global presence and attracts more foreign investment and tourism, officials say maintaining national security and cultural integrity remains a top priority.
As Vietnam’s Party General Secretary To Lam prepares for an official state visit to Azerbaijan, anticipation is mounting for a new era of bilateral cooperation—one that promises to be more strategic, diversified, and impactful than ever before.
A Long-Standing Friendship, Ready to Evolve
Since establishing diplomatic relations in 1992, Vietnam and Azerbaijan have cultivated a strong foundation of friendship and mutual respect. Though separated by geography, both countries have consistently expressed a desire to deepen their ties—not just in words, but through tangible action.
High-level engagements, including the Vietnam-Azerbaijan Intergovernmental Committee on Economic, Trade, Scientific and Technical Cooperation, have helped institutionalize collaboration. The committee has convened twice—first in Hanoi (2016), then in Baku (2018)—with a third session now in planning. A draft agenda from Azerbaijan was sent to Hanoi in March 2024 and is currently under review.
Trade Relations: A Mixed Picture
Bilateral trade has seen dramatic fluctuations. According to Vietnam Customs, trade volume surged to $687.7 million in 2023—a 712.5% year-on-year increase—before dropping sharply to just $52.6 million in early 2024. Despite the downturn, Vietnam’s exports to Azerbaijan climbed 23.9% to $49.2 million, led by mobile phones, machinery, and electronics. Imports, largely crude oil, plummeted by 98.3%.
Investment between the two countries remains modest. Azerbaijan currently has a single registered project in Vietnam, valued at $2.5 million, focusing on energy-related technical services. Vietnamese enterprises, on the other hand, are eyeing opportunities in Azerbaijan’s logistics, agriculture, and renewable energy sectors—areas where Baku has expressed a strong interest in growing ties.
Room for Expansion
While current trade and investment figures reflect only a fraction of the two nations’ potential, recent business-to-business (B2B) events have spotlighted emerging areas of collaboration.
From agriculture and food processing to petrochemicals, logistics, construction, and tourism, both sides are exploring new frontiers for growth. The digital economy, mining, and light industry are also on the radar.
Mai Thi Dieu Huyen, Vice Chairwoman of the Women Entrepreneurs Council under VCCI, pointed out that trade has yet to meet expectations despite the growing number of cooperation agreements. Sakina Babayeva, President of the Azerbaijan Women’s Entrepreneurship Development Association, proposed creating a platform to share best practices from women-led enterprises to strengthen bilateral engagement.
Looking Ahead
Experts agree: the partnership between Vietnam and Azerbaijan is underutilized—but full of promise. To unlock this potential, both countries must ramp up efforts in market intelligence sharing, trade fairs, and direct business engagement.
Vietnam’s Ministry of Industry and Trade has pledged to actively support bilateral initiatives, committing to deeper coordination with Azerbaijani counterparts to drive more meaningful and results-oriented cooperation.
With General Secretary To Lam’s upcoming visit, both nations are well-positioned to turn goodwill into growth—and chart a bold new course in their diplomatic and economic relationship.
Vietnam Insider – Few dishes can capture the soul of a nation the way a steaming bowl of broth does. Across Southeast Asia, Tom Yum and Pho have earned iconic status—not only for their irresistible flavors but also for the stories they carry in every fragrant sip. These are not just soups; they are culinary landmarks steeped in history, culture, and identity.
Tom Yum – Thailand’s Spicy and Sour Treasure
Bold, zesty, and unapologetically fiery, Tom Yum is Thailand’s ultimate culinary ambassador. Originating in Central Thailand, the name itself gives away its essence: “Tom” refers to boiling, while “Yum” evokes the spicy and sour taste typical of Thai salads. But this isn’t just a dish—it’s a reflection of Thailand’s riverine roots, especially along the Chao Phraya River, where freshwater prawns became the star of early versions of the soup.
What makes Tom Yum unforgettable is its aromatic symphony of herbs and spices. Fresh lemongrass, galangal, kaffir lime leaves, chili, and lime juice come together to create a perfect balance of heat and acidity. The broth hits you with a vibrant punch, awakening your palate and instantly transporting you to the streets of Bangkok or the banks of a riverside village.
Beyond its complex flavor, Tom Yum has evolved into a symbol of Thai culinary pride. Whether served with shrimp (Tom Yum Goong), chicken (Tom Yum Gai), or a medley of seafood, it continues to charm food lovers across the globe with its distinctive character.
Pho – Vietnam’s Soulful Noodle Soup
If Tom Yum is a bold statement, Pho is a gentle whisper of tradition, layered with emotion and memory. This beloved Vietnamese dish is more than just a bowl of noodles—it is Vietnam’s comfort food, national icon, and cultural storyteller.
Pho’s roots trace back to early 20th century Northern Vietnam, particularly in and around Hanoi, where street vendors ladled it out to workers and passersby. Influenced by Chinese noodle soups and the French beef stew pot-au-feu, Pho became a fusion of East and West, evolving into something uniquely Vietnamese.
At the heart of Pho is its crystal-clear broth, simmered for hours with beef bones, star anise, cinnamon, and cloves. Served with flat rice noodles, tender beef or chicken, and topped with fresh herbs, lime, and chili, every bowl is a delicate balance of depth, fragrance, and freshness.
Pho may have begun as a humble street dish, but today it’s a culinary ambassador for Vietnam—whether enjoyed in a roadside stall, a bustling local eatery, or a high-end international restaurant.
Two Bowls, Two Cultures, One Shared Legacy
Though Tom Yum and Pho hail from different nations and offer contrasting flavor profiles, they share a common thread: they are culinary expressions of cultural heritage and resilience. They reflect the environments, histories, and traditions of their people—and in doing so, they connect millions around the world to the heart of Southeast Asia.
So the next time you lift a spoonful of Tom Yum or Pho, remember—you’re not just tasting soup. You’re tasting centuries of flavor, history, and soul.
Vietnam Insider – The Ho Chi Minh Stock Exchange (HoSE) has announced that the long-anticipated Korea Exchange (KRX) trading system will officially go live on May 5, 2025. This marks a transformative step in modernizing Vietnam’s capital market infrastructure and aligning with international standards—a key prerequisite for the country’s upgrade from a frontier market to an emerging market.
The KRX system, developed in partnership with the Korea Exchange (KRX) since 2012, is a next-generation IT platform designed to manage and operate stock market transactions. Originally planned for rollout in 2021, the system’s implementation was delayed but has since been thoroughly tested, generating strong interest from institutional investors and boosting stock prices in the securities sector.
The launch of the KRX system lays the groundwork for introducing several long-awaited innovations to Vietnam’s stock market: T+0 intra-day trading (same-day settlement); Short selling, Derivatives such as options contracts; Shorter clearing and settlement cycles; Central Counterparty Clearing (CCP)
These upgrades are expected to improve transparency, liquidity, and efficiency, enhancing investor confidence—especially from abroad.
“The implementation of KRX is not just a technical upgrade, but a foundational shift that could accelerate Vietnam’s path toward emerging market reclassification,” commented an analyst at a leading investment fund in Ho Chi Minh City.
Once operational, the KRX system will introduce several key changes to trading operations: New order types (ATO/ATC during periodic auctions)
Revised rules for order modification and cancellation; More detailed support for negotiated (block) trades; Updated rules for foreign investors, odd-lot transactions, and restricted securities; Display of the top three bid and ask price levels during auctions
Vietnam’s upgrade from frontier to emerging market status by global indices like MSCI or FTSE Russell depends heavily on clearing bottlenecks such as post-trade infrastructure and regulatory transparency. The KRX system directly addresses these issues by: Enabling central counterparty clearing; Improving market surveillance and Enhancing IT resilience and scalability
HoSE has urged all brokerage firms, custodians, and market participants to allocate sufficient resources for the KRX system rollout and to educate investors about its new features. The goal is to ensure smooth, safe, and uninterrupted trading operations from the launch date onward.
As Vietnam sharpens its competitive edge in Southeast Asia’s capital markets, the KRX system is expected to be a game-changer—paving the way for deeper foreign participation, diversified financial products, and greater integration with the global financial ecosystem.
For updates on Vietnam’s financial reforms and market developments, stay tuned to Vietnam Insider.
Get ready to look to the skies! In celebration of the 50th anniversary of Vietnam’s reunification, Dong Nai Province is set to host the country’s largest hot-air balloon festival, promising a vibrant showcase of culture, color, and creativity this April.
The 2025 Dong Nai Pottery and Hot-Air Balloon Festival, taking place from April 27 to 30, will transform the skies over Son Tien Ecotourism Park in Bien Hoa City into a breathtaking canvas of floating balloons and glowing lanterns. With 50 hot-air balloons representing 50 years of unity, the event is poised to be both symbolic and spectacular.
What to Expect:
Free entry for all visitors
Hot-air balloon rides up to 50 meters in the air
A magical lantern night show, where balloons light up the night like giant lanterns over the Dong Nai River
Paragliding shows, ultra-light aircraft performances, and kite flying extravaganzas
Interactive experiences where guests can step inside the hot-air balloons
The hot-air balloon spectacle is just half the story. Running alongside it will be the Dong Nai Pottery Festival, a celebration of Vietnam’s rich ceramic heritage. Hosted at the provincial conference center, the festival will feature:
Unique ceramic works from renowned pottery villages like Bien Hoa, Thanh Ha, Bau Truc, Vinh Long, and Binh Duong
Workshops and creative competitions, including logo design and photography
Folk games, cultural exhibitions, and art performances
According to Bui Thanh Nam, deputy director of the Dong Nai Department of Culture, Sports, and Tourism, the festival aims to be more than just a celebration—it’s a platform for connecting Dong Nai with global cultural and tourism partners, while stimulating local businesses in catering, hospitality, and entertainment.
Security and logistics are top priorities. With robust plans led by police and military forces, and Son Tien Park ready to welcome up to 100,000 visitors, the festival promises to be safe, smooth, and unforgettable.
Whether you’re a culture enthusiast, thrill-seeker, or just looking for a family-friendly adventure this holiday, Dong Nai is calling.
